JURNAL FARMASI ABDURAHMAN

Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Drug Repurposing: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Clinical Applications

Fauziah Hasdin — Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Drug development is a complex, time-consuming, and costly process with a high failure rate across preclinical and clinical stages. The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has introduced innovative approaches to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of both drug discovery and drug repurposing by enabling the analysis of large-scale biological, chemical, and clinical datasets. This review aims to examine recent advances in AI applications for drug discovery and drug repurposing, evaluate their contributions across different stages of drug development, and discuss the challenges associated with their implementation in pharmaceutical sciences. This article was conducted as a narrative review based on literature retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, covering publications from 2021 to 2026. Eligible studies were selected according to their relevance to AI, machine learning, deep learning, drug discovery, drug repurposing, medicinal chemistry, and clinical pharmacy. The reviewed literature demonstrates that AI plays a pivotal role in target identification, virtual screening, lead optimization, prediction of Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) properties, and clinical trial optimization. Furthermore, AI accelerates drug repurposing through the integration of multi-omics data, knowledge graphs, and biological network analysis, enabling the efficient identification of novel therapeutic indications. Despite its considerable potential, the implementation of AI remains challenged by issues related to data quality, algorithm transparency, model validation, regulatory frameworks, and ethical considerations. Overall, AI has emerged as a transformative technology capable of accelerating drug development, improving decision-making, and supporting the advancement of precision medicine through multidisciplinary collaboration among pharmaceutical scientists, clinicians, computer scientists, and regulatory authorities.

IDENTIFIKASI METABOLIT SEKUNDER PADA DAUN BATANG DAN AKAR DARI TUMBUHAN AKAR KUNING (Fibraurea chloroleuca Miers)

Fitria Aptika — Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Identifikasi metabolit sekunder pada daun, batang, dan akar Fibraurea chloroleuca Miers dilakukan melalui ekstraksi dengan metode maserasi, dilanjutkan uji warna dan analisis Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Hasil uji warna dan GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa daun dan batang mengandung flavonoid, saponin, steroid, dan tanin, sedangkan akar mengandung flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, dan tanin.

LITERATURE REVIEW: PENGARUH KONSELING APOTEKER TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PASIEN DIBETES MELITUS TIPE 2 MENGGUNAKAN DKQ-24

siti aisyah siti aisyah; Sami Hatus Salwa, Virgia Mahfeliza; sri Hidyati — Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Rendahnya pengetahuan pasien mengenai Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 (DMT2) menjadi hambatan utama dalam keberhasilan manajemen terapi jangka panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh intervensi Komunikasi, Informasi, dan Edukasi (KIE) serta konseling apoteker terhadap tingkat pengetahuan, kepatuhan terapi, dan kontrol glikemik pada pasien DMT2. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review dengan pendekatan PRISMA. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada basis data Google Scholar dan PubMed untuk artikel publikasi rentang tahun 2015–2026, hingga diperoleh 5 artikel utama yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil sintesis data menunjukkan bahwa intervensi edukasi terstruktur menggunakan kuesioner Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan domain kognitif pasien (Wilcoxon Test, ), di mana profil pengetahuan kurang (72%) berhasil ditekan menjadi 0% pada fase posttest. Peningkatan pemahaman tertinggi tercatat pada indikator komplikasi penyakit (83%), sedangkan aspek self-care management menunjukkan kenaikan moderat (65%). Internalisasi kognitif ini berkorelasi linear dengan lonjakan kepatuhan minum obat dari 31,4% menjadi 73,5% (), yang secara kausalitas berdampak nyata pada perbaikan parameter biologis berupa penurunan bermakna pada kadar Gula Darah Puasa () dan nilai HbA1c (). Kesimpulannya, intervensi KIE dan konseling interaktif oleh apoteker efektif meningkatkan pemahaman klinis pasien, memotong mata rantai ketidakpatuhan regimen obat, dan berkontribusi langsung terhadap pencapaian stabilitas kontrol metabolik jangka panjang pada penderita DMT2.

FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN FACIAL WASH EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA (HYLOCEREUS POLYRHIZUS) SERTA UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Nabilla Meyludia Herdina, Dimai Mariska; Virda Trisnanda, Putri Ayu Nurul Janah — Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the quality of a facial wash containing red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and to determine its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach through laboratory-based formulation and evaluation. The research stages included preparation of red dragon fruit peel extract, formulation of facial wash with several extract concentrations, evaluation of physical characteristics including organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, foaming ability, and stability, followed by antibacterial activity testing against Staphylococcus aureus. The results indicated that the facial wash formulations possessed acceptable physical characteristics, showing homogeneous texture, stable appearance, appropriate pH compatible with skin physiology, adequate viscosity, satisfactory foaming capacity, and good stability during storage. Furthermore, the formulations exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, indicating that the bioactive compounds in red dragon fruit peel extract remained effective after incorporation into the facial wash formulation. These findings suggest that red dragon fruit peel extract has considerable potential as a natural active ingredient in facial wash products, providing both cleansing and antibacterial effects while promoting the utilization of agricultural waste as a value-added cosmetic ingredient.

Literatur Riview: Uji Stabilitas dan Aktivitas Gel Handsanitizer Dari Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L.) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylacocus aureus

Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Infectious diseases remain one of the greatest global health challenges due to their ability

to cause high mortality, which is frequently triggered by pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus

aureus. Although antibiotics are the primary choice for suppressing bacterial infections, massive

and irrational use has led to the phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance. To address this issue,

exploring natural products has become a safer and potential alternative. Basil leaves (Ocimum

sanctum L.) are known to be rich in secondary metabolites that possess antibacterial

pharmacological activity. To ensure practical, hygienic, and easy application on the skin, basil leaf

extract needs to be formulated into a topical gel preparation